The core of cleaning ceramic vacuum filters is to perform periodic maintenance on the ceramic filter plates and overall equipment cleaning. The industry standard solution is divided into three levels: daily rapid cleaning, regular deep cleaning, and equipment system wide cleaning. The operation process is as follows:
1、 Daily quick cleaning (every 4-8 hours of work)
This is a necessary maintenance after each work cycle, mainly to clear surface blockages, with simple operation and short time consumption:
After scraping off the filter cake, start the backwash water system, maintain the backwash pressure at 0.08-0.12MPa, and backwash all ceramic filter plates for 5-10 minutes;
Observe the clarity of the effluent and confirm that the loose slurry on the surface has been washed away before resuming production;
If the recoil pressure remains below 0.05MPa, it is necessary to check and replace the inlet filter element in advance to avoid insufficient recoil effect and accumulation of blockage.
2、 Regular deep cleaning (performed every 72 hours of continuous operation, with advance operation for vacuum abnormalities)
Deep cleaning is the core step to ensure filtration efficiency for deep blockage of micropores. The general operating procedure is as follows:
1. Preliminary preparation
Operators should take protective measures: wear acid resistant gloves, protective goggles, acid resistant aprons, and maintain ventilation in the work area;
Empty the remaining slurry in the slurry tank, rinse the tank body, filter plate gaps, and ultrasonic shaker box with production water to remove accumulated ore and debris;
Prepare corrosion-resistant plastic containers, water, corresponding cleaning agents, pH test strips, and drying equipment.
2. Core cleaning operation
Solution preparation: Inject clean water until the ultrasonic oscillator box is submerged, dilute the cleaning agent according to the degree of contamination:
Nitric acid cleaning: Control the pH value at 2-4 after dilution (use after dilution with 60% nitric acid concentration), start ultrasonic and acid pump;
Environmentally friendly cleaning agent: The ratio of clean water to cleaning agent is 3:1-6:1, and the water temperature is controlled at 40-60 ℃ to improve the dissolution effect;
Joint cleaning: Maintain ultrasonic power of 200-500W and perform joint cleaning for 50-60 minutes. During this period, the filter plate can be flipped to assist in removing deep dirt;
Rinse detection: Turn off the device and drain the waste liquid. Rinse the filter plate and pipeline repeatedly with plenty of water until the pH value of the rinsing water reaches 6-8 (neutral);
Effect verification: Check the micropore permeability by light or perform a back blow test with a pressure of 0.05-0.1MPa. If all filter holes bubble evenly, it is considered qualified. After passing the test, low-temperature drying can resume production.
3、 Cleaning and maintenance of the entire equipment system
In addition to the filter plate, regular cleaning and maintenance of other components are also required:
Weekly cleaning: Clean the sediment at the bottom of the slurry tank, check and clear the backwash water pipe nozzle to avoid nozzle blockage affecting the backwash effect;
Monthly maintenance: Disassemble and clean the sealing surface of the distributor, remove impurities and crystals, and keep the distribution surface clean; Check and replace the inlet filter element to ensure stable recoil pressure;
Long term shutdown maintenance: Before long-term shutdown, deep cleaning must be completed, the filter plate must be thoroughly washed and dried, all inlet and outlet valves must be closed, and stored in a dry and ventilated environment.
Precautions
When using a new cleaning agent for the first time, take a single filter plate for compatibility testing to confirm that there is no corrosion to the filter plate and seals before batch cleaning;
Cleaning waste liquid needs to be collected centrally, neutralized to neutrality, and handed over to qualified units for treatment. Direct discharge is prohibited and meets environmental protection requirements;
Equipment stored outdoors in winter should be equipped with anti freezing measures to prevent moisture from freezing, expanding, and cracking the filter plate in the micropores.